topographic model
the original division of the psyche into three regions or systems as proposed by Sigmund Freud in 1900. The divisions are (a) the unconscious (Ucs), made up of unconscious impulses clustering around specific drives or instincts, such as hunger, thirst, and sex, as well as any repressed childhood memories associated with them; (b) the conscious (Cs), which enables the individual to adapt to society, distinguish between inner and outer reality, delay gratification, and anticipate the future; and (c) the preconscious (Pcs), which stands between the conscious and unconscious and is made up of logical, realistic ideas intermingled with irrational images and fantasies. Also called descriptive approach; systematic approach; topographic hypothesis. Compare dynamic model; economic model. See also structural model.