1. services designed to advise and assist individuals to find suitable or optimal employment. Placement counseling may include coaching or training for job interviews, procedures for filling out applications, and assistance with other activities relevant to obtaining a job. These services may be offered as part of the vocational rehabilitation of people with disabilities, or they may be provided to anyone in the general public who is searching for a job (e.g., recent college graduates, the long-term unemployed).

2. in education, a service that provides guidance to students in deciding upon an appropriate educational program, class, or level of instruction.

3. in foster care, services provided to help children and their adoptive parents adjust to adoptive placement.