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electrolyte imbalance

abnormal levels of one or more electrolytes, the ions of chemicals that play a vital role in fluid balance, acid–base balance, and other functions of body cells. Electrolytes that may be affected include sodium, which is needed for water regulation and normal nerve and muscle function; potassium, which is necessary for acid–base balance; and calcium, which is essential for normal blood and muscle functions.

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Psychology term of the day

December 26th 2024

mental disorder

mental disorder

any condition characterized by cognitive and emotional disturbances, abnormal behaviors, impaired functioning, or any combination of these. Such disorders cannot be accounted for solely by environmental circumstances and may involve physiological, genetic, chemical, social, and other factors. Specific classifications of mental disorders are elaborated in the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (see DSM–IV–TR; DSM–5) and the World Health Organization’s International Classification of Diseases. Also called mental illness; psychiatric disorder; psychiatric illness; psychological disorder. See also psychopathology.