in DSM–IV–TR, repeated or continued use of an amphetamine or amphetamine-like substance despite significant substance-related behavioral, physiological, and psychosocial problems, with or without tolerance or characteristic symptoms if use is suspended (see amphetamine withdrawal). In DSM–5, amphetamine dependence has been combined with amphetamine abuse into a single disorder, and neither is considered a distinct diagnosis any longer (see stimulant use disorder). See also substance dependence.