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telomere

n. a structure found at the ends of chromosomes that protects fragments from rejoining after a chromosome has divided. Telomeres become progressively shorter with each cell division, and after a certain number of cell divisions, they become so short that they trigger the cell to stop dividing or to undergo programmed cell death. Telomeres are said to act as a genetic clock that ticks down the number of times the cell can divide safely. See also Hayflick limit.

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Psychology term of the day

May 8th 2024

drug synergism

drug synergism

an enhancement of efficacy occurring when two or more drugs are administered concurrently, so that their combined pharmacological or clinical effects are greater than those occurring when the drugs are administered individually. Drug synergism can be metabolic, when the administration of one agent interferes with the metabolism of another, or it can be pharmacological, when the administration of two or more agents results in enhanced receptor binding or other activity at target sites. The enhanced antimicrobial activity of two antibiotics administered together is an example of positive synergism; negative synergism can be seen when the administration of a nontoxic agent with a toxic drug worsens the toxicity of the latter.