n. a set of cognitive generalizations (e.g., beliefs, expectations) about the qualities and characteristics of the members of a group or social category. Stereotypes, like schemas, simplify and expedite perceptions and judgments, but they are often exaggerated, negative rather than positive, and resistant to revision even when perceivers encounter individuals with qualities that are not congruent with the stereotype (see negative stereotype; positive stereotype; prejudice). See also exemplar theory; gender stereotype; kernel-of-truth hypothesis; sex-role stereotype. —stereotypicadj.
n. an ultrashort-acting barbiturate used primarily as an anesthetic that can be administered intravenously to produce almost immediate loss of consciousness. It may also be used as an antidote for an overdose of stimulants or convulsants. At one time, it was occasionally used in psychotherapy to induce a state of relaxation and suggestibility. In nonmedical circles, it gained notoriety as a truth serum. U.S. trade name: Pentothal.