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Rorschach Inkblot Test

a projective technique in which the participant is presented with 10 unstructured inkblots (half in black and gray and half including color) and is asked “What might this be?” The examiner classifies the responses according to such structural and thematic (content) factors as color (C), movement (M), detail (D), whole (W), popular or common (P), animal (A), form (F), and human (H). Various scoring systems, either qualitative or quantitative, are used. The object is to interpret the participant’s personality structure in terms of factors such as emotionality, cognitive style, creativity, impulse control, and various defensive patterns. Perhaps the best known—and certainly one of the most controversial—assessment instruments in all of psychology, the Rorschach is widely used and has been extensively researched, with results ranging from those that claim strong support for its clinical utility (e.g., for selecting treatment modalities or monitoring patient change or improvement over time) to those that demonstrate little evidence of validity. [developed in the early 1920s by Hermann Rorschach]

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Psychology term of the day

November 23rd 2024

pretest–posttest design

pretest–posttest design

a research design in which the same assessment measures are given to participants both before and after they have received a treatment or been exposed to a condition, with such measures used to determine if there are any changes that could be attributed to the treatment or condition. A more complete version in which participants are randomly assigned to a treatment group or a control group is a pretest–posttest control-group design: All individuals are assessed at the beginning of the study, the intervention is presented to the treatment group but not the control, and then all individuals are measured again. The presence of the control group allows the researcher to identify any preexisting disparities between the groups and thus to more definitely attribute differences between the pre- and posttest scores to the treatment of interest. Also called before–after design; pre–post design.