retrospective cohort study

research that compares outcomes for groups of individuals who differ on a single identified characteristic that occurred in the past. For example, a researcher studying exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke might use existing survey data to divide a sample into groups or cohorts based on reported exposure in their childhood homes (no smoking, one person smoked, more than one person smoked) before examining current health problems. Because the research relies on reports of past occurrences, inaccuracies may arise due to poor recall. See also retrospective research.

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Psychology term of the day

January 13th 2025

occupational counseling

an early 20th-century approach to vocational guidance. Three steps were identified in the process: (a) relevant knowledge of self, (b) realistic knowledge of occupations, and (c) true reasoning in making sensible choices. [proposed by U.S. educator Frank Parsons (1854–1908)]