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reinforcement counseling

a behavioral approach to counseling based on the idea that behavior is learned and can be predictably modified by various techniques that strengthen or weaken it through schedules of positive or negative reinforcement. See also reinforcement therapy.

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Psychology term of the day

November 28th 2024

cocaine withdrawal

cocaine withdrawal

in DSM–IV–TR, a characteristic withdrawal syndrome that develops after cessation of (or reduction in) prolonged, heavy consumption of cocaine. The essential characteristic is depressed mood, sometimes severe, and there may also be fatigue, disturbed sleep, increased appetite, vivid and unpleasant dreams, or psychomotor retardation or agitation, or all of these features. Marked withdrawal symptoms (see crash) often follow an episode of intense, high-dose use. The equivalent term in DSM–5 is stimulant withdrawal. See also substance withdrawal.