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reading disorder

in DSM–IV–TR, a learning disorder that is characterized by a level of reading ability substantially below that expected for a child of a given age, intellectual ability, and educational experience. The reading difficulty—which involves faulty oral reading, slow oral and silent reading, and often reduced comprehension—interferes with achievement or everyday life and is not attributable to neurological impairment, sensory impairment, intellectual disability, or environmental deprivation. In DSM–5, the disorder has been subsumed within a category labeled specific learning disorder and is no longer considered a distinct entity. Also called developmental reading disorder.

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Psychology term of the day

December 21st 2024

self-selection bias

self-selection bias

a type of bias that can arise when study participants choose their own treatment conditions, rather than being randomly assigned. In such cases, it is impossible to state unambiguously that a study result is due to the treatment condition and not to the preexisting characteristics of those individuals who chose to be in this condition. Also called self-selection effect. See also sampling bias.