n. a nonamphetamine CNS stimulant used for the management of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Its effects resemble those of the amphetamines and methylphenidate, and its mechanism of action includes blockade of dopamine reuptake. Pemoline has been associated with rare but occasionally fatal liver failure and with the development of Tourette’s disorder. Safety concerns led to its withdrawal from the Canadian market in 1999 and the U.S. market in 2005. Former U.S. trade name (among others): Cylert.