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occipital lobe

the most posterior (rearward) subdivision of each cerebral hemisphere, roughly shaped like a pyramid and lying under the skull’s occipital bone. It contains several visual areas that receive and process visual stimuli, and it is involved in basic visual functions (e.g., visual acuity; contrast sensitivity; perception of color, form, and motion) as well as higher level ones (e.g., figure-ground segregation based on textural cues). A region of it, the occipital face area (OFA), has been identified as crucial to face recognition. See also fusiform gyrus.

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Psychology term of the day

January 18th 2025

law of contrast

law of contrast

a principle of association stating that opposites are reminders of one another: encountering or thinking about one (e.g., a snow-covered field) tends to bring to mind the other (e.g., a sunny beach). Initially proposed as a distinct, essential concept in associationism, the law of contrast later came to be viewed as a special case of the law of contiguity.