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mutuality

n.

1. the tendency of relationship partners to think of themselves as members of a dyadic relationship rather than as distinct individuals. As close relationships, particularly romantic ones, develop over time, partners display increasing levels of mutuality, which may influence their affect, cognition, and behavior. For example, when mutuality is high, people tend to think of their partners’ characteristics and resources as their own.

2. in interdependence theory, the tendency of partners to depend equally on each others’ behavior for the attainment of desirable outcomes. In asymmetric relationships, one partner plays a larger role than the other in determining what outcomes each partner receives, but in relationships characterized by mutuality, their power and influence are approximately equivalent.

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Psychology term of the day

January 31st 2025

Kretschmer typology

Kretschmer typology

a controversial classification of individuals based on a “clear biological affinity” between specific physiques and specific personality tendencies. According to this classification, the short, stocky pyknic type tends to be jovial and subject to mood swings; the frail asthenic type is likely to be introversive and sensitive; the muscular athletic type is usually energetic and aggressive; and the disproportioned dysplastic type presents a combination of traits but tends toward the asthenic. These tendencies were attributed to endocrine secretions. [formulated in the 1920s by German psychiatrist Ernst Kretschmer (1888–1964)]