1. the ability of an individual to perform—without assistance from others—all or most of the daily functions typically required to be self-sufficient, including those tasks essential to personal care (see activities of daily living) and to maintaining a home and job.

2. a philosophy and civil reform movement promoting the rights of people with disabilities to determine the course of their lives and be full, productive members of society with access to the same social and political freedoms and opportunities as individuals without disabilities. Central to the philosophy are the concepts of self-determination and self-worth, peer support, consumer-controlled assistance and support services, and political and social reform. Centers for Independent Living (CILs), nonresidential, nonprofit organizations that are staffed and operated by individuals with disabilities, encourage self-sufficiency and self-determination in all aspects of life for individuals with disabilities by providing information and referral services, peer counseling, and independent living support (e.g., help with assistive technology, budgeting, meal preparation, transportation arrangements, employment searches, and gaining access to housing and health care). CILs also advocate for legislative and social change aimed at benefiting individuals with disabilities.