fuzzy trace theory

a theory proposing that information is encoded on a continuum from precise, literal memory representations (verbatim traces) to gistlike, imprecise representations (fuzzy traces), with verbatim traces less easily accessed, generally requiring more effort to use, and more susceptible to interference and forgetting than fuzzy traces. The theory also proposes that developmental differences in many aspects of cognition can be attributed to age differences in encoding and to differences in sensitivity to output interference. [proposed by U.S. psychologists Charles Brainerd (1944– ) and Valerie Reyna (1955– )]

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Psychology term of the day

November 21st 2024

paraphilia

n. in DSM–IV–TR, any of a group of disorders in which unusual or bizarre fantasies or behavior are necessary for sexual excitement. The fantasies or acts persist over a period of at least 6 months and may take several forms: preference for a nonhuman object, such as animals or clothes of the opposite sex; repetitive sexual activity involving real or simulated suffering or humiliation, as in whipping or bondage; or repetitive sexual activity with nonconsenting partners. Paraphilias include such specific types as fetishism, frotteurism, pedophilia, exhibitionism, voyeurism, sexual masochism, sexual sadism, and necrophilia. In DSM–5, a paraphilia is considered a paraphilic disorder only if it causes distress or impairment to the individual or if its practice has harmed or risked harming others. —paraphiliac adj.