1. the existence of societies, communities, or subcultures that differ substantially from one another. 2. communities or subcultures that function within a larger society while maintaining their distinct culture traits. See also multiculturalism.
any one of a limited set of emotions that typically are manifested and recognized universally across cultures. The list of primary emotions varies across different theorists. They often include fear, anger, joy, sadness, disgust, contempt, and surprise; some theorists also include shame, shyness, and guilt. Also called basic emotion; core emotion. Compare secondary emotion.