coalition
n. an alliance of two or more individuals or groups, often formed to gain a better outcome (e.g., power and influence) than can be achieved by each alone. Coalitions tend to be adversarial, in that they seek outcomes that will benefit the coalition members at the expense of nonmembers. They also tend to be unstable because (a) they include individuals who would not naturally form an alliance but are obliged or encouraged to do so by circumstances and (b) members frequently abandon one alliance to form a more profitable one. Such alliances are also formed among nonhuman animals. In chimpanzees, for example, a coalition of two or more lower-ranking chimps can subdue the dominant male in the troop. See also minimum power theory; minimum resource theory.