Army tests
group intelligence tests for military personnel, developed by Lewis M. Terman, Robert M. Yerkes, and others and used by the U.S. Army beginning in World War I. The Army Alpha Test (Alpha test or examination) was a verbal test, measuring such skills as ability to follow directions. The Army Beta Test (Beta test or examination) presented nonverbal problems to illiterate subjects and recent immigrants who were not proficient in English. Both the Alpha and Beta tests were replaced at the outbreak of World War II by the 150-item Army General Classification Test (AGCT), designed to measure verbal comprehension, quantitative reasoning, and spatial perception and used to classify inductees according to their ability to learn military duties. The AGCT was itself replaced in 1950 by the Armed Forces Qualification Test.